What is Patriotism? :: essays research papers

What is patriotism? Merriam-Webster defines patriotism as love for or devotion to ones landed estate. I love America more than only other coun analyze in this world, and, exactly for this reason, I insist on the right to criticize her perpetu entirelyy, James Baldwin. The notion that a radical is one who hates his country is nave and usually idiotic. He is, more likely, one who likes his country more than the rest of us, and is thus more disturbed than the rest of us when he sees it debauched. He is not a bad citizen turning to crime he is a good citizen driven to despair. H. L. Mencken. What these quotes mean to me is that if some one really loves their country, they will try their best to change that which is wrong, not to be blindly led and follow what people before them have done.At nine-eleven the whole country just all of the sudden turned patriotic. Almost everyone had a flag of some type of solute to our country. Its sad that such a tragedy is needed to make a country come together. Nine-eleven was just about four years ago, now four years later the country has already regressed to its state before nine-eleven. What did all of those people die for? Was it to stop terrorism? Well if it was it obviously didnt work. There are still terrorists. It was used by Bush as an excuse to finish the war his father couldnt.What are veterans? Merriam-Webster defines veterans as an old soldier of long service a former member of the armed forces. And so, my fellow Americans subscribe to not what your country can do for you - ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world ask not what America will do for you, hardly what together we can do for the freedom of man, the most famous quote from John F. Kennedys inaugural address. To me this quote represents the idea of being a veteran, you result up your whole life to serve the cause of youre country not youre own.

Music :: essays research papers

The Justice Department has intensified its antitrust investigation of the medicinal drug industrys licensing practices, demanding that industry organizations and online companies submit a slew of documents related to Internet music run.The plane section recently began sending out "civil investigative demand" letters, hunting for evidence of collusion by record companies and affiliates to impede competition. The recipients of the letters include the put down Industry Assn. of America, at least two Internet companies and MusicNet, an online music distributor jointly owned by three major labels and RealNetworks Inc.A copy of wiz letter obtained by The Times indicates that antitrust investigators are looking at all the terms proposed by the record companies and music publishers for their licenses, as well as the lawsuits they threatened, brought or settled over online music. Another issue being explored is the contentious negotiations over online radio services. The major l abels ascendance the copyrights to most of the recordings that consumers buy, while the publishers control the songwriters copyrights. That control gives the labels and publishers the power to dictate which companies can offer interactive or on-demand music services online, as well as influencing their prices and terms of use.The growing demand for online music services has led the conglomerates that own the major record companies to create their own channels for distribution. AOL Time Warner, Bertelsmann and EMI Group formed MusicNet, and Universal Music Group and Sony Corp. created Pressplay.The query appears to revolve around two questions Why are MusicNet and Pressplay the only ventures to receive licenses for a significant amount of major-label music? And what, if anything, did the labels do to inflate their royalties from online radio services?The record companies defenders say the labels have been cautious in licensing, but they havent colluded to limit competition. "I dont see it, and I havent experienced it," said Robin D. Richards, chairman and school principal executive of MP3.com, a maverick online music company that was acquired in August by Vivendi Universal and has a distribution deal with Pressplay.But executives at some(prenominal) online companies say they have had mixed experiences with the labels and that some act fairly and some dont. The result, they say, is that the labels online ventures--MusicNet and Pressplay--are launching this year without any real competition.The industrys licensing practices also have drawn unfavorable judgment from some influential lawmakers, including leaders of the House and Senate Judiciary committees. In addition, the federal judge presiding over the industrys copyright-infringement lawsuit against Napster Inc.

Using Computers in My Work :: Exploratory Essays

Using Computers in My Work What comes to mind when you hear the word computer? When I realized what profession that I wanted to go into I didnt realized just how much computers will affect me. I decided around the age of sixteen or seventeen that I wanted to become an executive protection specialist, also known as a bodyguard. I never really gave it much thought approximately it. later on putting some thought into it I discovered that computers in general, especially laptops, will play an important part in a bodyguards daily day to day business in the near future. But there atomic number 18 some disadvantages of using laptop computer also. There are many advantages for using a laptop. One, you can make out a detailed itinerary anywhere that your client may take you, let it be on an airplane or in a limo. Second, with the small size, the laptops that are on todays market, they can almost go anywhere and everywhere that you could possible imagine Wi th an net income connection, at your hotel, you would have instant connection readily available to the World Wide Web without having to monkey around with a conventional computer desktop that would consist of having to haul around the big tower, monitor, and speakers. This could be an important asset being able to check out what red ink around different parts of the county or even in a specific part of the world if your client is heading that way. You then could be notified about any potential trouble spots. Another example could be if youre away with your client for a long period of time, you could use the laptop and Internet capability to keep in touch with family and friends. Since there are so many computer manufacturers out on the market these days this causes the price of the laptops to go down and the quality to go up. Even having the same capacity of the desktop computers. Nevertheless, with all the great thing about laptop computers, there is a blackball aspects as well.

Toatlitarian Gov. :: essays research papers

Totalitarian G everyplacenments use the people in a total movement to achieve a goal. When this goal is in the end met, the government finds a new goal to strive for to keep the population in check. This type of government sprang up during the 1930s in Europe and Asia. authoritarianism came into being for many reasons class struggle, republicalism, and a need for a better way of life. However the biggest reason that totalitarian government came into play was because of the Great Depression. iii nations in particular were able to model this take over by using the lower classes as a boost to achieve power.The Russian nation was in a state of distress. The country was being ruined by drought, fire, and the lack of industry. Russia was falling way behind the easement of the world, and with the death of Lenin they were looking for a new leader. The single party system made it easy for a totalitarian style leader to take hold of the reigns of power. Trotsky and Stalin were the two ca ndidates for the take over Russias government. They both employ socialism to try to move into power, but Stalin used socialism on the home front to his advantage. Where Trotsky wanted to use the rest of the world for socialism, making the people think that they needed a crutch. This idea did not go over well and Stalin won increasing support. He used this support to banish and kill Trotsky and his opposition. After Trotsky was out of the way, Stalin killed his supporters and furthered his totalitarian role. With the introduction of his Five Year Plan, to increase industry by two degree centigrade and fifty percent and agriculture by one hundred and fifty percent, he solidified his position and the birth of a totalitarian government by dint of the goal of industry. Earlier, in the nation of Italy, totalitarianism had been introduced before the grounds had been laid in Russia. There was a great hate that was rising between the amphetamine and lower classes. The socialist movement w as in full effect, and factory workers and peasant were taking over factories. And with the pope lifting the ban on Catholics, there were an increasing weigh of different opposing factions in government making an already unstable government worse. Mussolini, a nationalist and fascist, steps in asking for a greater sense of nationalism. He helps this idea with promises of better benefits for the working class and land reform for the peasants.

Benito Mussolini: A Destined Failure Essay -- Italian History, Politic

Absolute power and influence, is and has al modes been something extremely difficult to obtain, and as we have seen throughout the course of history such authority and control left-hand(a) in the hands of a single person can quickly crumble at their very feet. As with most, this often happens in part by self-destructive means. Case and point, Benito Mussolini, a man who at one point held total power over the entire Italian population seemingly nightlong he lost all control and eventually found himself hanging from the end of a meat hook. Now knowing just who he was as a person, what actions he took, and the decisions he made, some might argue that his reign in the end was preordained for catastrophe. Myself, I would tend to agree with this statement. Nevertheless, let us issue a few rates back and revisit the periods of Mussolinis life leading up to his ultimate demise. The stages of his life in which he was influenced by love ones and strangers alike. In essence, the moments in time that sculpted the intellect, opinions, beliefs, even ideologies of the man who was. Starting from the beginning and working forward, I want to dissect Mussolini in a way that helps us understand why and how he was shaped into the person he became. How was Mussolini influenced by his father and mother? What drove Mussolini to eventually create and promote Fascism as we know it? Then, with a freshly painted portrait of the man we knew as Il Duce, we can pinpoint the flaws of his being to see what went wrong in, or rather how Mussolini went about, implementing the fascist root incorrectly. Moreover, with these questions in mind we can evaluate my perceived notion that Mussolini was simply destined for failure. Benito Mussolini was born the son of a blacksmit... ...ists) (Gregor 95). This was the first step of many that would take Mussolinis small, organized group of followers and himself to their futures as ruling fascists. Once more Mussolini completely reinvented himself and his ideology in the years to come. On March 23, 1919, Mussolini founded the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento, welcoming civilians and veterans alike in the fight for Fascism (Hoyt 113). Fascism in its early state spread under the values of nationalism and unity, despite ones class. However, Mussolinis idea of fascism was not what it turned out to be. He took philosophies and ideologies alike and blended them to his approval. Mussolinis fascism opposed democratic rule, protected the class system, rejected egalitarianism, encouraged militarization, and demanded civic duties for the states offbeat fascism was action and with action came results.

Benito Mussolini: A Destined Failure Essay -- Italian History, Politic

Absolute power and influence, is and has always been something extremely difficult to obtain, and as we have chancen throughout the course of history much(prenominal) authority and control left in the hands of a single per news can quickly crumble at their very feet. As with most, this often happens in part by self-destructive means. Case and point, Benito Mussolini, a man who at one point held total power over the entire Italian population seemingly overnight he lost all control and at long last found himself hanging from the end of a meat hook. Now acute just who he was as a person, what actions he took, and the decisions he made, some might argue that his reign in the end was preordained for catastrophe. Myself, I would tend to reconcile with this statement. Nevertheless, let us take a few steps back and revisit the periods of Mussolinis life leading up to his ultimate demise. The stages of his life in which he was influenced by loved ones and strangers alike. In essence, th e moments in time that sculpted the intellect, opinions, beliefs, even ideologies of the man who was. Starting from the beginning and working forward, I want to break up Mussolini in a way that helps us understand why and how he was shaped into the person he became. How was Mussolini influenced by his father and mother? What drove Mussolini to eventually create and promote Fascism as we know it? Then, with a freshly painted portrait of the man we knew as Il Duce, we can pinpoint the flaws of his being to see what went wrong in, or rather how Mussolini went about, implementing the fascist idea incorrectly. Moreover, with these questions in mind we can evaluate my perceived notion that Mussolini was simply destined for failure. Benito Mussolini was born the son of a blacksmit... ...ists) (Gregor 95). This was the first step of many that would take Mussolinis small, organized group of followers and himself to their futures as ruling fascists. Once more Mussolini completely reinvented himself and his political theory in the years to come. On March 23, 1919, Mussolini founded the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento, welcoming civilians and veterans alike in the fight for Fascism (Hoyt 113). Fascism in its early state spread under the values of patriotism and unity, despite ones class. However, Mussolinis idea of fascism was not what it turned out to be. He took philosophies and ideologies alike and blended them to his approval. Mussolinis fascism opposed democratic rule, protected the class system, spurned egalitarianism, encouraged militarization, and demanded civic duties for the states wellbeing fascism was action and with action came results.

Hhielmsn

In this, and subsequent descriptions of the trenches, I may lay myself clean to the charge of exaggeration. But it must be remembered that I am describing trench life in the early long time of 1914, and I feel sure that those who had come of them will acquit me of any such charge. To give a recipe for getting a rough idea, in case you want to, I propose the following procedure. Select a flat ten-acre ploughed field, so sited that all the surface water of the surrounding country drains into it.Now cut a zig-zag slot well-nigh four feet deep and three feet wide diagonally across, dam off as much water as you can so as o leave about one hundred yards of squelchy mud delve out a hole at one side of the slot, then endeavour to operate there for a month on bully beef and damp biscuits, whilst a friend has instructions to fire at you with his Winchester every time you invest your head above the surface. Well, here I was anyway, and the next thing was to make the bets of it.As I have b efore said, these were the days of the earliest trenches in this war days when we had none of those props such as corrugated iron, floorboards, and sand bags. When you made a dug-out in those days you made it out of anything you could find, and generally had to make it yourself. whatsoever British soldiers found that captured German trenches were better built than British ones as H S Clapham wrote after a successful attack

Overseas Aid & International Development Essay

International development tail assembly only be defined holistic bothy as improvement of gentle be intimates and enhancement of the good deals kind welf be. International development constitutes the following provision and/or improvement in sectors of health, fosterage, goernance, gender equity and equality, infrastructural facilities, environment, economic empowerment, foreign aid, disaster preparedness and human rights. In order to know the status of the welfare in any society, there are some indicators that can be put ond and these include the following the literacy level, scantness level, life expectancy and GDP per capita.Generally, these indicators have been reported to improve everyplace the past and this has not been possible without involvement of development partners. These development partners include CBO s, nongovernmental organizations , multilateral development agencies and bilateral donors among others. This paper testament focus on Catholic Relief Services (CRS ) approach to international development and specify its component to the achievement of the MDGs . CRS is a non governmental organization that was started back in 1943 by United States catholic bishops.Its main aim was to resettle those people who were displaced by the Second World War especially in Europe. It is based on Christian religious practices and specifically on catholic doctrine. Ten geezerhood later the situation in Europe was regaining its normalcy state and the organization expanded its activities to other parts of the world that include Africa, Eastern Europe, Latin America, Caribbean, Asia and middle east. Other than provision of relief services, the organization has been in the fore front in breaking the vicious cycle of impoverishment through sustainable community based development initiatives.This has been mainly through its focus in key sectors in the words economies and its main activities have been carried out in the following areas agriculture, emerge ncy response, health including HIV /AIDS , education, microfinance and peace building. It has been active in championing policy issues regarding ball-shaped poorness, smart, conflict resolution management and transformation, migration, HIV/AIDS, human trafficking, gender and inequality (http//crs. org/ ). According to the organizationCatholic Relief Services complements its humanitarian and development experience with policy analysis and advocacy to address subject causes of poverty, conflict, and marginalization. CRS examines issues that are dramatically impacting the safety and well-being of poor and vulnerable people worldwide based on the principles of Catholic social teaching, primary among them the protection of the dignity of the human person. (http//crs. org/ ) Millennium development goals are goals that were set by members of the United Nations and international organizations and aimed to be achieved by 2015.This followed after the adoption of United Nations millennium resolution during the 2000 millennium summit by the member states heads (http//www. un. org/millennium/). The aim of these MDGs was to foster social and economic development in the poverty stricken countries in the world. There was a major concern on the increase in poverty among many people all over the world and this trend take urgent redress to stop and reverse it. Following the chapters of the United Nations millennium declaration eight goals were set and named the millennium development goals.These included the following poverty reduction and hunger eradication, promotion gender equality and women empowerment, improvement of maternal health, eradicate illiteracy through provision of primary education to children all over the world, reverse the trend of HIV/AIDS infections, reduce the death of children under five years of age, promote environmental sustainability and enhance partnership in global development(http//www. undp. org/mdg/basics. shtml).The catholic relief services activities have been intertwined with these millennium development goals and this is a clear indication that achievement of these MDGs will mean attaining the objectives of the CRS and vice versa. The evidence is because the goals can not be achieved without the focus on the sectors addressed by the CRS and thus the CRS can be viewed as an urgent and a partner in the realization of the millennium development goals. The reason for focusing on the CRS is because of its massive contribution and huge network that covers the different corners of the world.Though it is based on Christian virtues and catholism, it has never been crippled or shorthanded by the diversity in peoples background ranging from religion, race tribe, geographical location and nationality. It has always focused on its key objectives and as a result many people have benefited so much from the organizations activities. Its approach to social issues has been guided by the peoples needs and its immense contribution ha s saved the lives of many.Most of the beneficiaries of its serviced have risen to great heights and human suffering has highly lessen in those areas it has been reported to operate. The spirit of giving, volunteer ship and promotion peaceful coexistence has been demonstrated by the organization where mutual understanding has prevailed in areas where hostility, hatred, destruction, disasters and political unbalance has rocked claiming lives of many people. As globalization continues to shape the lives of people, there always arise challenges that need unity and cooperation to be addressed.It is this reason that the CRS has gone beyond its religious cocoons and fall in hands with re rest of the world to alleviate human suffering and this is a good example that organizations and states should follow if the world would be a damp and safer place for human beings to live. I will now focus on the specific contributions of the CRS towards the achievement of the millennium development goa ls. Most developing countries highly search on agriculture. This has been their only resource that has enabled them to survive through acquisition of the basic human needs that include food, clothing, shelter, health services and basic education.However as a result of climatic changes, the agriculture sector has pillow slipd many challenges that need to e addressed in order to guarantee its vital contribution and sustainability to the many people who rely on it for their daily life. The challenges need massive investment on technology and skills which must be accompanied by financial costs. Since most of these poor people can not afford them, their poverty escalates day by day. CRS has developed partnership programs with poor local communities by providing advice, enquiry services and inputs to improve agricultural production.It has worked closely with local agencies to ensure programs on environmental matters and agriculture are properly implemented to benefit the poorest in the communities and families all over the world. It seeks to strengthen the local poor communities and encourage them to champion their development without relying on external enforcement. Increased food production will ensure hunger is completely eradicated and people can even have surplus to sell and procure other basic needs in their lives. This will reduce poverty and reduce diseases which have been closely associated with malnutrition.Sexual exploitation which has very much been exacerbated by the need to earn money to buy basis needs will reduce leading to drastic decline in HIV/AIDS infections (Little D. M, Clifford J. M, 2005, 122-127). In the education sector, CRS has made huge contribution to promotion of basic education in different areas of the world. Its activities have increased the access and quality of education to many poor and marginalized populations. This has been aimed at enhancing peace and justice in all communities and has been mainly in areas where crisis has b een reported.Their services extend to those areas with relative stability and those that are recovering from the crisis. The organization provides support to schools in local areas where the largest population of the poor are believed to live. In their effort to ensure the poor access quality education and participate fully in community projects, it introduced food assisted education (FAE ). Since mid 1990s girl child education, teachers support, hygienic education and services for students have also been rolled out.It has also helped to put up education infrastructural facilities and sensitization of members of the communities especially parents to overprotect involved in educational matters for their children. These education activities have an objective of reaching the poor and marginalized members of the society especially the children. As a result poverty is pass judgment to reduce with the decrease in the level of illiteracy all over the world. Poverty will then reduce and t hus the millennium development goals are well taken vex of by the CRS programmes (Singer H.W, Ansari J. A, 1988, 35-58). CRS is widely involved in emergency responses that ensure that those affected are not denied their right to live with dignity. It wherefore works closely with members of the communities affected to ensure their disaster preparedness capacities are strengthened and restored. In times of complex emergencies and natural disasters, the CRS commits itself in life save livelihood support and strengthening of the entire civil society. To them, peace is of necessity and violent conflict should be prevented.The organization and so conducts emergency health operations that are usually aimed at supporting the already existing health institutions and ensure those in need of health services and basic medical trouble are attended to. Distribution of relief food and technical support to farmers to increase food production is also a vital role vie by the CRS. Those who may not have shelters are assisted with temporary shelters and to some larger extend, the organization contribute materials to construct permanent shelters.CRS also ensures conflicts are prevented, properly managed if they arise, resolved peacefully and transformation is achieved within the soonest time possible through addressing the root cause. Marginalized and vulnerable groups receive special attention including large(p) women children, aged and those infected with HIV/AIDS (Megan Landon M, 2006, 165-190). In the health sector, the CRS has actively involved local communities to solve problems themselves through empowering them to make sound decisions.They normally use the catholic social teaching which acts as a subsidiary principle. It involves volunteers from different parts of the world who donate their services to those most in need of them and can not afford them. Such programs reduce child mortality, HIV/AIDS infections and reduce deaths that result from inadequate maternal s ervices for women. Social justice is therefore restored and human rights and dignity is fostered. On similar grounds the organization has been very much concerned with AIDS which has been threatening to wipe human beings out of the face of the earth.Research has indicated that as much as poverty has been cited as the cause of the increase in infections of the disease among human beings, it is also an effect. CRS has therefore initiated programmes all over the world with an estimated expenditure of at least $120million and over four million beneficiaries in the year 2007 alone. This has been the trend over the past up to date and as the pandemic deepens its roots, the expenditure has kept on rising. Finally, as the rate of unemployment increases, many people are engaging in self employment to earn their living.bulk of the unemployed are poor and the women who have no collaterals to access financial services from commercial banks. This has increased sexual exploitation which is skewed towards women. This has been taken care of by the microfinance service in CRS that provides affordable loan and financial services to the self employed women. Economic empowerment is very important weapon in war against HIV/AIDS, illiteracy, inequality, hunger, diseases and all other poverty related problems that human beings encounter. This is the major concern of the CRS and the core of millennium development goals.Citing an example of progress in the contributions towards achieving the millennium development goals will directly highlight a major activity carried out by the CRS and therefore the CRS deserves all manner of support in implementation of its goals and objectives if millennium development goals will ever be achieved. Other organizations and governmental entities have already joined hands with CRS such as USAID , farming , UNDP , The Inter-American Development Bank, Education ministries among many others (http//www. management-issues. com/2006/8/24/research/financial- services-firms-hostile-towards-women.asp ). Conclusion CRS is just but one of the many organizations that has been actively involved in ensuring millennium development goals are achieved. Both the millennium development goals and the CRS have so much in common and it may not be patrician to separate the influence of one to the other. While the CRS is concerned with the issues that impact safety and social welfare of the minor marginalized and vulnerable groups of people, the MDGs outline these issues themselves and sets a engineer and specific time duration through its objectives when the problems should be reduced to manageable magnitude.It is a lifetime process to completely do away with these problems and challenges and thus, unless otherwise, the CRS should only live to see full redress of the problems. At the same time, achievement of the MDGs in the year 2015 will set the agenda for the next step in millennium development goals.ReferencesAbout the MDGs Basics, Retrieved from http//www. undp. org/mdg/basics. shtml on fifth June, 2009 UNITED NATIONS MILLENNIUM DECLARATION, Retrieved from http//www. un. org/millennium/ PDF, on 5th June, 2009 Little D. M, Clifford J. M, (2005), International aid the flow of existence resources from rich to poor countries, Aldine Transaction Singer H. W, Ansari J. A, (1988), Rich and Poor Countries Consequences of International Economic Disorder, Rutledge Megan Landon M, (2006), Environment, health and sustainable development, McGraw-Hill International Catholic relief service, Retrieved from http//crs. org/ on 5th June, 2009 Financial services firms hostile towards women Retrieved from http//www. management-issues. com/2006/8/24/research/financial-services-firms-hostile-towards-women. asp on 5th June, 2009

Why Relationships Fail

Why Relationships Fail Why is it that when we think we have the perfect person we lose them? Its something that everyone has to experience in their lives, and its one of the hardest concepts to understand why this happens to us. When I realize at relationships I think about Stephen R. Covey who once said, Trust is the glue of life. Its the most(prenominal) essential ingredient in effective communication. Its the foundational principle that holds all relationships. I believe the three keys to why relationships do or dont always trifle be excepting others differences, trust and jealousy, and lack of communication.When you meet someone and have the certain click you do non always see the accredited them at first. In relationships you have to take time to learn about each other. When one is in a relationship they are forced to necessitate each others differences. This is only a small part of why some perfect relationships fail. It is sometimes hard for us to takes these differenc es and save combine them instead of trying to change them. We always want the other person to just change for us, and majority of the time that isnt what they want to do.We need to look past each others faults and just accept them for who they are. After acceptance you have to be able trust the person you are with. I always remember that trust is the easiest to gain, but the hardest to gain back. If we are always honest in our relationship there is less tension. Having a confident placement in one another has a great deal to do with successful relationships. If we are only worrying about what they could be doing wrong we allow for never be content.Jealousy is largest part of what we are experiencing when we dont trust. Trust, honesty, and confidence these all tie together to make a happy couple. communication it is a part of life that many struggle with today. It is something we do every day but can also be one of the hardest things to express at the same time. Communication in a relationship is what I believe the most important key to a working relationship. If we cannot communicate with someone that we should be close to with then it is going to be a ifficult struggle understanding what they are thinking. When you were little and your mom or dad asked you what was wrong you were always receptive to tell them, well this works the same way. We cannot make everyone happy but we are always trying to. If they are the right one for you they will be able to listen to you and understand the best of their ability. The feeling of not knowing what is running through the other persons head is confusing to us. To work through problems together, communication is the only way to conquer this.Relationships are not always as simple as they seem. They are hard work and are something that we cannot try and fix on our own. Each person in a relationship is an equal part. Working together to accept each other for who we are, this is just one key to happiness. Also having co nfidence in one another can make or break a relationship. We need to remember that we should not be afraid to tell each other what we are thinking. We should act as an open book showing the torn pages even if they are similarly mangled to read.

When does the Mind start working?

Parents generally say that about their children that they will not counterbalance realizing the significance of things until they reach a plastered age. Does that mean that they need to accumulate enough experience before they can start drawing meaningful patterns in their minds and form connections between things as suggested by Hume ?But, at the same time is this arguments based on to Descartes assertion I think, so I exist, which implies that the mind thinks intuitively, about itself, and thereby brings into earth the significance of events around it and the connection between them through reason. Here lies a problem of what precedes which, or a circular tautology. If human minds do not start working until getting or becoming experienced, how are the early experiences registered and translated as the basis for future ?Part of the problem is however related to the different shipway in which the mind can itself be defined. Is the essence of the mind just pure conscious awarenes s, as suggested by Descartes. Or is it a product of inert evolution with the passage of time, as it experiences events and reflects upon them, to reach a level of awareness. It is however quite possible, that the mind that Descartes describes is different from the mind that Hume describes when he says, All inferences from experience, therefore, are cause of custom, not of reasoning.

Days of Destruction Days of Revolt Essay

They offer very detailed and disturbing descriptions of life on the Pine Ridge Reservation in entropy Dakota, the slums of Camden, New Jersey, and the surface mining zones surrounding Welch, West Virginia, as well as some places in Immokalee, Florida, that are literally like slave camps. champion chapter of the book caught my eye, Days of Slavery. It mainly takes place in Immokalee Florida, a center of immigrant agricultural laborers, mostly Latino. The immigrants are housed in terrible conditions, which makes it very hard for them to work. additionally to the terrible conditions that they are forced to work in, they are also paid unreasonably low wages for the amount of time they are working. Another social function that is affecting the people who work in the factories are serious problems with breathing. They have this problem because of pesticide poisoning and other chemicals that they are macrocosm exposed to while working. whiz chemical that is mentioned is Methyl Bromide . It is also not uncommon for these workers to be held in literal slavery, have their paychecks stolen, and be subjected to physical abuse if they get out of line.The juristic system in Florida appears willing to prosecute cases of slavery, but the immigrants are very afraid to come forward for obvious reasons. They are afraid they will be fired and more than likely the cases will not be judged in their favor. This is because these companies are huge, and are able to pay people off to continue make the workers work under unreasonable conditions. ONeill 2 Hedges interviews activists from the Coalition of Imoakalee Workers, a very strong and militant organization. He describes their struggle to secure a nominal level of decent conditions for the workers.The chapter includes the case of Miguel Flores and Sebastian Gomez, who where sen ten-spotced in 1997 to fifteen years in prison on charges of slavery, extortion, and firearm possession. The duo oversaw a modern slavery operation o f four hundred men and women who harvested fields in Florida and South Carolina. The book highlights the harsh conditions for the laborers in this operation. The author wrote The workers, mostly indigenous Mexicans and Guatemalans, were forced to work ten to twelve hours a day, six days a week, for as little as $20 dollars a week, all under the supervision of armed guards.Those who move to escape were beaten, pistol-whipped, and at times shot. The crew drawing cards charged the workers exorbitant prices for food. Female workers, according to one victim, were routinely raped. The coalition workers were told by Flores that if their experiences of working in the factory were talked about, he would cut their tongues out. (Hedges 158) The main questions of the people in the community of Immokalee were probably, Who is deviation to take a stand for us immigrants? Who is going to be our leader that we will follow so we can be treated like normal human-beings? Their questions were not bei ng answered until a man by the name of Lucas Benitez came along. Benitez was 36 and had two children . A group was started by Bentiez as well as people who found the courage to stand up to abuse, breaking the cycle of terror that keeps the system in place. Benitez started by becoming an organizer. He and his group would meet at the local Catholic church at night to help those who were being treated unfairly. Things were turning around for the immigrants.They were rejecting and trying to do whatever they could to defeat the huge companies who were making them work many hours for such little pay. As they began to protest and strike, the employers gave them what they wanted. The workers of Imoakalee, Florida, got ONeill 3 a pay raise, and were no longer held in literal slavery. Other then the few changes that were mentioned above, Imoakalee Florida, has not significantly changed since the mid 1950s. Today, Imoakalee, Florida, is even so an area where a majority of Americas crops a nd produce are grown.Many immigrants still live in Imoakalee, Florida. To this day, unfortunately corruption is still going on in Imoakalee. Huge factories and companies are forcing workers to work very hard, and they are also causing damage to the environment. They are causing damage to the environment because of the kitty stacks that are required by the different factories. (Coalition of Immokalee Workers) ONeill 4 Works Cited Coalition of Immokalee Workers (CIW). N. p. , n. d. Web. 7 Feb. 2013. . Hedges, Chris, and Joe Sacco. Days of Destruction, Days of Revolt. New York Nation Books, 2012. Print.

Mountain West Health Plan Case Analysis Essay

PROBLEM STATEMENTa. FACTS OF THE CASEMountain West Health Plans, Inc. Denver-based health insurance company Martin Quinn Senior Vice-President for Service and Operations Evelyn Gustafson Former and retired Director of Mountain West client Service Department. Her motto always put yourself in the reviewers shoes. In her time, there were only 10% turnover rates in the department compared to the typical 25% to 45% rate for guest armed service representative. She firmly resisted all attempts to increase efficiency and lower cost in the department where salaries accounted for close to 70% of the budget. Erik Rasmussen newly hired Director of Customer Service, the replacement of Ms. Evelyn. He is a young man in his late twenties with a shiny new bachelors degree in business administration. The management projected him to bring down the cost on the department. Under Mr. Erick, the company, for the first time measured the representatives performance and used software that generated automated change by reversal schedules based on historical information and projected need. Also, the company cut back on training. The department cost was finally heading downward, though department morale was downward, with the current turnover rate climbing at 30%. Also receiving more complaints from subscribers of inaccurate information from inexperienced or representative who sounded rushed.b. fall upon PROBLEMSHow Mr. Quinn will address the issue of low morale among the employees in the customer service department and its in high spirits turnover rate, while keeping and meeting the conclusion of the company to increase efficiency and lower the cost incurred in the department?KEY OBJECTIVESTo meet the company goal to increase the efficiency of the customer service department and lower its cost. To uphold the morale of the employees and to reduce turnover rate from 30% to 10%.ANALYSIS OF CAUSESA. Analyzing the leadership and management style of Ms. Evelyn and Mr. Erik, includ ing their strengths and weakness, and their source of setMS. EVELYN GUSTAFSONMR. ERIK RASMUSSENBehavioral ApproachPeople Oriented attention to battalionTask Oriented attention to taskLeadership GridCountry Club attention Thoughtful attention to the needs of spate for satisfying relationships leads to a comfortable, friendly organization atmosphere and work tempo Authority-Compliance Management Efficiency in operations results from arranging conditions of work in such a way that human elements interfere to a minimum degree. StrengthConsideration and motivation of the needs of her subordinates, a happy work environment as a result of her good interpersonal relationship. Valued the affaire and personal development of her subordinates. Focus on productivity and efficiency in the accomplishment of organizational goals. WeaknessUn concurled cost in her department result of excessive flexibility and too much think on employees personal concern. Inability to analyze the internal culture, less concern of his subordinates personal development, interest and needs. Source of influenceLegitimate power authority given from a formal management position in the organization. Reward power stems from the authority to bestow reward on other people. Referent power comes from an undivideds personal characteristics that command others identification, respect and admiration. Legitimate power and Coercive power refers to authority to punish or inspire, and the opposite of reward power. Leadership of Ms. Evelyn She is centralise on people, highly concerned on the needs and interest of her people. She believes that when people are happy, contented and comfortable they will work hard to accomplish the organization goals. She sees that it is easy to gain the support of people, when its leaders fosters respect andfair treatment, considers their needs and interest, and shows trust in them. Source of influence From the authority of being a manager, she has admission cha rge on giving rewards e.g., flexible scheduling, frequent breaks, offering plenty of trainings opportunities. She used this to gain influence on her people.Leadership of Mr. Erik He is more concerned on the accomplishment of goals rather than people. He believes that employees needs plays secondary to the need of effective and efficient work places. His type of leadership views that employees are only hawkshaws in accomplishing task. Source of influence from the legitimate power given to him by management, he ensure to get things done, and with the achievement he got support from the top management.B. It is to a fault important to note the Style of Followership of the subordinates of these bosses, to further analyze the existing concern of the department. The employees in the customer service department could be describe as a. leechlike uncritical thinker does not consider possibilities beyond what he or she is told, does not contri scarcee to the cultivation of the organizatio n, and accepts the supervisors ideas without thinking.DEVELOPMENT AND SELECTION OF ALTERNATIVES (ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES)ALTERNATIVESADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGESTo recommend Mr. Erik to a particular leadership training that would develop his leadership skills. He will be more effective leader as he develops an synergistic leadership style. Measurement is reduction of turnover rate in his department. It would somehow take time, as leadership style cannot be acquired overnight.To give Mr. Erik another task to accomplish to resurrect strategies that would increase efficiency and effectiveness of his people and at the same time minimize turnover rate. Being a task point leader, Mr. Erik will ensurethat he will accomplish this task, which will make him realize that he would attain it by being concern on the interest and needs of his people. If Mr. Erik will take it another way around, he might insist on his authority to accomplish the new task.Job Enrichment giving employees control on the resources in performing their tasks, give them elbow room on how they will accomplish their task, give them opportunity to grow, and give them a set menstruum to accomplish it. Employees would have greater sense of responsibility with their involvement and commitment on the task. Increase motivationContributes high moraleLow turnover advanced performanceManagement may lose control on employeesRECOMMENDATIONS/CONCLUSIONRecommending combination of selection 1 and alternative number 3 Job Enrichment, this alternative would be more effective, than the existing statistical standards that emphasized speed, recording the customer service calls, using of software to generate automated work schedules. This will promote high morale, as you will be considering people big part and contributor in the accomplishment of task and not as a tool only. While at the same time, Mr. Erik undergoing a leadership training to enhance his people skills, being young, he is more focus on promoting hi mself as achiever. It is but typical to young professional, but as he goes along, he will start to develop his leadership style with balanced skills on both people and task.WORKPLACE APPLICATIONIn my company, I observed different styles of leadership. The most prominent in my heart, is the leadership style of my immediate boss. She is woman, her immediate subordinates are both male, I agree on the women rated higher almost in all aspect in leadership ability as shown in Gender differences inleadership behaviors.I also described her as follows with the following situations that she exhibits as a leaderServant Leader she fosters selflessness to serve both people and organization. Her personal vision to have one million employees, she even gave away to her people some precious personal things e.g., cellphone, bags, shoes, clothes.Authentic Leader she demonstrate high level of passion and commitment, leads with her heart, have compassion for others, have the courage to make difficult decision, she loves to be surrounded by good people and contribute to their growth. She is neer after on any merit or credit, she preferred it be given to her people. She always treats trainings and development of her people as investment. She sends me here as full(a) scholar.

Mining group gold: How to cash in on the collaborative brain power of a team for innovation and results Essay

Mining Group GoldIntroduction To be a collaborative leader, there are crucial behaviors that one needs to understand. It requires one to be good at building collaborative partnerships. Additionally, this demands facilitation of base work within individual theme and across work groups, committees, problem solving teams and in undertaking forces. Studying group gold mining enables one to learn to be more accomplished in the field of facilitative leadership, whereby one leads from the center of the team rather than from the top of individual pyramid (kayser, 2011). This assists in acquiring important facilitation strategies and skills necessary in carrying an individual team to new heights in the out of bounds of innovative thinking. This essay will discuss the five basic step for mining group gold for the team meeting management while outlining the steps for dealing with emotions. In addition, the paper will explain and describe how mining group gold process will improve teamwork empowerment and effective communication. The group academic term foundation is a clear understanding of its purpose, and the desired outcome. The purpose of the session is the reason why the group has been called and it should be clearly written. On the opposite hand, desired outcomes which whitethorn also be called goals are specific statement identifying what is to be in the time of the session during the time spent in the session. Therefore, when concourse leave a session, they will know specifically what was completed, and what wasnt .The desired outcome gives a description of the session being conducted, provide focus during the session and create common expectations for all the participants. In addition, they provide a benchmark against which the outcomes tail be compared to gain a sense of the sessions productivity. A team without a desired outcome will definitely fail. Confused and frustrated group genus Phalluss may be tangled in endless arguments over every purpose of the meeting. Furthermore, a groups purpose and the desired outcome religious service oneselfs a group gets back on track when necessary. A facilitator helps a group free from internal obstacles or difficulties so that it may effectively pursue the attainment of the desired outcomes of the group. Facilitation occurs any time a group member behaves in a manner that makes the group advance towards developing or refining a structure, making certain information and data are shared and getting rid of any internal blockages hindering the accomplishment of the desired outcome of the session. Although only one person is appointed to be the facilitator, all the otherwise team members are designated to be secondary facilitators. The scribe and the time flight attendant also act as support for the facilitator as well. The time keeper does this by accurately taking into account the time taken for individually agenda and alerting the facilitator when the group is using more or less that he portion time the scriber helps the group, not only by making precise notes of the group session, but also by listing whatever action items may have been identified. For the manager or the team leader, acting as the primary facilitator, being able to deal with tactile propertyings is the single most critical facilitation skill to be honed. Feeling is information that need to be processed and a primary facilitator should guide that process using the following sequence feelings, facts and emotions. (Kayser, 2011) To begin with, when a group is in the feelings stage, it is pointless to ignore them.to handle this stage, feelings must be acknowledged as real and accepted. At any time in this stage, the primary facilitator encourages individuals to picture their emotions in an organized way. Secondly, the primary facilitator is in a position to help the group generate and use fact and to identify and analyze the problem. The group should the facts in a less emotional way. Once the f acts have been identified, the group is now ready to generate the potential solutions. The mining gold group will help improve teamwork by inviting everyone to participate in the meeting and during regular work assignments. For instance anyone can facilitate the meeting and everyone has their own responsibilities. The process can help empower members since the leader addresses the group in a circle rather than in a pyramid where it is hard to reach him. The scribe and the time keeper are also empowered in a group. Employees work together hence it strengthens their relationship with each other and with the leader.in a gold mine group, anyone can voice their opinion and what they feel about a situation like new hires, layoff and deadlines. This helps improve communication.in addition, they have a policy where member are to each communicating to each other and not at each other talking to each other and not at each other. This enables people to beware to each other. To sum up, groups are the life blood of organizations. Sitting down with group of people is often the right way to process the information and achieve goals. Groups are better because they can think in more verity and they can process more knowledge. Unfortunately sometimes the objectives are not cognise (kayser, 2011). On the other hand, the group may realize its full potential and produce a superior output which encourages people to be committed to it and they feel satisfied with it. Therefore mining group gold is a very powerful technique.ReferencesKayser, T. A. (2011). Building team power How to unleash the collaborative genius of teams for change magnitude engagement, productivity, and results. New York McGraw-Hill.Kayser, T. A. (2011). Mining group gold How to cash in on the collaborative brain power of a team for innovation and results. New York McGraw-Hill blood document

Managing Knowledge and Learning Essay

Managing acquaintance and Learning at NASA and the atomic number 19 Propulsion Laboratory Summary National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) was established by copulation on October 1, 1958, in straddle for the United States to keep up with the technological advancements achieved from cause Soviet marriages productive launch of the Sputnik (1957). The Apollo succession-Mission had risen from the support of John F. Kennedys goal, which was landing a creation on the Moon and returning him safely to Earth. Prioritization at NASA evolved into the centers motto of Faster, Better, Cheaper (FBC), which was mandated in the Goldin Era beginning in 1992.NASA shifted priorities from 1) performance, 2) schedule and 3) cost to 1) increase committee performance, 2) cut cost and 3) work deposit reduction. However, this reform was not as successful as excogitationned. From 1992 and 2000, six of 16 FBC relegatings failed. To address concern of the touch on of failed missions a nd impending retirements of many of the most experienced NASA employees, carnal friendship enforce that the agency search for the solution to Knowledge Management (KM) and promoting learning initiatives at NASA-JPL.NASAs KM tools were mainly IT schemes of Internet-based databases and portals for ease of lessons. The NASA KM crisis was attri merelyed to the organizations inability to document experiences of failures and successes of missions or parturiencys ultimately incapable of capturing the experiential cognition from expert engineers and scientists. In addition, this miss in KM was due to privatizing knowledge and promoting creativity, that stemmed from NASAs culture where competition among centers for projects and funding was the norm.several(prenominal) KM Initiatives were developed including project libraries for document and data management, developing standards, establishing databases to find experts, ask technical questions, and to fuck off history and legacy review s. 1) What were the pros and cons of the Faster, Better, Cheaper model? How might outcomes (both positive and negative) of projects executed with this model impact NASAs stakeholders, i. e. Congress and the general world? The Faster, Better, and Cheaper (FBC) objectives were to cut cost and maximize mission performance. There were several advantages of the FBC reform.FBC all(a)owed compressed reading and launch schedules that lead to an increase in the number of missions. Mission time could be reduced from decades to a few years. The number of NASA projects increased from four to 40 under the FBC model. An increase in mission projects was apprehension to lead to additional discoveries so that NASA could gain further wisdom and space knowledge. FBC missions were changed from one big project to multiple smaller projects. Dividing the program into smaller projects serviceed to minimize the pressure and stress on the team if a mission failed.Furthermore, one mission failure did not consequently lead to the failure of the entire program. FBC exercising allowed elder managers more freedom to implement FBC the way they found fit which promoted creativity and autonomy among senior managers. FBC also reduced the cost of each mission and NASAs overall reckon. For example, the impair program compute was reduced from one billion dollars to $260 million. There are numerous disadvantages of the FBC reform. Applying the FBC model could lead to more mission failures.During the FBC era, in that location were 6 failed missions out of 16 FBC missions. Cost and schedule constraints, in enough risk assessment, planning, and examination, underestimation of compl break downy and technology maturity, inattention of quality and safety, inadequate review processes, engineering, under-trained staff, poor team communication, and practice errors all attributed to NASAs mission failures. Projects conducted faster does not allow for adequate documentation, time for redlining the project, and recording lessons learned from one mission to the next.This could result in repeated mistakes that could be avoided by coming(prenominal) missions. Missions carried out faster do not allow time for mentorship and sharing of knowledge. Also, the term better was not properly defined and was open to interpretation, which may negatively impact maintaining standard procedures and processes. The results of the FBC vision could impact NASAs stakeholders in several ways. The increase in smaller successful missions would alleviate the risk of one large failure, although any failures will guard a negative impact on stakeholders.Congress could be discouraged to provide support and funding for major(ip) space programs if they fail but might be more likely to fund smaller missions. The public could either lose or gain confidence, support, and belief in the space program depending on the magnitude of success or failure. FBC mission are less expensive which would decrease NASAs b udget and help satisfy both Congress and the general public by reducing the need for extra tax revenue by Congress and collection of taxes from the general public. 2) Why was the deflower scout project so successful? develop how Anthony Spears management style impacted future missions. Project management was the key to success of the Mars Pathfinder project. It began as an experiment to test the validity of the FBC reform mandated in 1992 when Daniel Goldin was assigned as the youthful administrator of NASA. A clear and specific plan for the Pathfinder mission was laid out in the beginning and followed through until the end. Analogous to the success of Ciscos ERP implementation, Anthony Spears, an excellent manager and thought leader with years of experience at NASA, gained the support of top management and the JPL institution (Spears, 1999).Spears developed a erratic balance of an advisory committee of experts to support and guide the difficult project, while he recruited tal ented, yet naive, hardworking youngsters to do what some more experienced people thought impossible. As Spears writes in his lessons learned report it was a blend of bright, ambitious youth and scarred old timers, each challenged and empowered, all working each issue together (1999). Together, they created a team that bonded and worked together successfully.Spears goal was not plainly the success of the Pathfinder project, but of the FBC program success, unlike the vision of future project managers. The success of Pathfinder did not translate well in future FBC missions. Risk management and testing were important to the Mars Pathfinder success. While the Mars Pathfinder team worked together successfully, the younger players went on to think they were large(p) project managers themselves, but still hadnt learned enough to manage their next missions successfully.In future FBC projects, some reasons for failure were poor team communication, inadequate or under-trained staff or insu fficient testing in 70% of missions and insufficient risk assessment and planning on 86% of missions (exhibit 4). 3) One of the major issues in this case is the retirements of experts. Why is this a problem for NASA? Would it be less of a problem in a different type of organization? Suggest immediate steps that NASA could take to mitigate the problem. Explain your choices.By 2006 half of NASAs workforce was eligible for retirement which could lead to a major outrage of knowledge, especially tacit information, diminishing the collective wisdom of the organization. A senior manager at NASA states, we have no formal process for transferring knowledge from thought leaders to sunrise(prenominal) managers and IT systems had not yet been sufficient in transferring experiential knowledge to the younger generation. Unfortunately, this would be true in many organizations unless they had sufficient knowledge management systems in place and a culture where sharing knowledge was valued and enc ouraged.In order to mitigate the problem of losing their knowledge base, NASA not only needs to continue to implement their KM strategy, but truly change the culture. Experienced project leaders and Subject Matter Experts (SMEs), such(prenominal) as design engineers, should openly share their knowledge and not just when asked for it. I support several of the planned KM initiatives such as the capture of information by improving documentation, development of an enterprise web-based portal, and the Knowledge share-out Initiative (KSI) finded at changing the companies culture.In addition to these activities, an exit strategy could be developed for unassuming employees where they must follow standard procedures for employing case-based reasoning in an online database employing a searchable classification system. Additional knowledge could be disseminated by those eligible through training sessions. A reward system should be coupled to these exit requirements and could be increased if the employee decides to be available in the Expert Connections directory of SMEs that could be contacted for support subsequently they leave.New slurs might need to be created for dedicated knowledge managers such as Chief knowledge officers. Its also possible that NASA could obtain some replacement of lost experts by collaborating with space programs in other countries. Collecting the information from experts must be coupled with management support of a corporal wide schema to store the data, methods of dissemination, and apply the information to ultimately make better decisions on projects that claim risking peoples lives. 4) Jean Holm had two options she could choose from 1) upgrade the IT systems or, 2) change the culture.Which would you choose and why? Is there a third option? Explain your answer. In order for Holms to truly have a successful knowledge management system in place, implementation of a hybrid system should be in place enforcing both upgrade to IT systems occur ring simultaneously with changing the private culture into a divided up one. Integration of both, changing the culture and IT upgrades will be a lengthy process so it would be critical to first strategically plan for cultivating and managing formal processes for knowledge transfers.Implementing formal processes such as requisite protocols, reports, standard operating procedures (SOPs) and work instructions for each mission or project should be enforced from all high-level management as it might help with the KM transfer crisis. Once every item has been completed by the high-level management it would be placed into the appropriate IT systems database in conjunctive with the integration of the required knowledge management video synopsis from experienced engineers and scientist who exit the centers.Curriculums would be in place with learning modules with specific need encapsulating these protocols, reports, SOPs, work instructions and video synopsis would then be posted on the intr anet, ready for the potential novice engineers and scientists entering the NASA work force making the system more enriched and meaningful. 5) President Obama is implementing changes to NASAs charter, which will create new ways of funding/executing projects than NASA is use to. Do a little online research. Do you agree or disagree in this change of way of life? Explain. Caution this is not to be addressed as a political issue) The Obama administrations new NASA charter includes a couple of key parts A) In February 2010, the Obama administration canceled the Constellation Program, which was started by former President George W. Bushs administration in 2004. This program aimed to put US astronauts back on the moon by 2020, for the first time since the final Apollo mission. B) In April 2010, Obama proposed increasing NASAs overall budget by about $6 billion over five years and shifting NASAs aim for do work space program to Mars (from the moon).By the mid 2030s, I believe we can ligh t humans to orbit Mars and return them safely to Earth. And landing on Mars will follow, he said. C) He also challenged the commercial space industry to take up the routine tasks that NASA would abandon such as ferrying astronauts to and from the space station. I do not agree with him on the part A and Part B of the new charter. The Constellation Program is already 5 year old, and has spent $9. 1 billion.It has already made significant progress and will help America maintaining its space leadership position over Russia and China. On the other hand, I think that it will set a foundation for manned space mission to Mars. Obamas vision of manned mission to Mars by mid-2030 does not depend realistic to me as he has not talked about its technology feasibility. However, I do agree with his plans Part C. I think that it will significantly reduce the cost for transporting people and weight to and from low-Earth orbit, and might induce the rise of a true space economy.

Attachment Theory

Can early unstable fixing doom the baby to abnormal psychology in aft(prenominal)ward life? Shaffer, (1993) defines extension as a keep mum delirious birth mingled with ii raft two persons, shellised by mutual affection and desire to maintain law of proximity. According to Browby, (1969) chemical bond behaviours be formed in infancy and help shape the bond paper relationships people puddle as adults. Psychopathology refers to study of mental illness or mental health distress or the presentment of behaviours and experiences that may be indicative of mental illness or psychological impairment (Allen, 1999).This essay ordain analyse how early insecure attachment doom the tike to psychopathology in later life. The military rating pass on show how attachment risk is a major contributor to mental trouble oneselfs, and an amelioration of psychopathology. The critics of attachment will be analysed fol minusculeed by a concise conclusion According to Bowlby, (1969 ) attachment begins in infancy and lasts throughout a lifetime. A newborn baby immediately needs virtuallyone to take bursting charge of and Takahashi, (1999) both believed that this primary cargongiver usually the mother, is the one that will approximately shape the childs constitution and character within minutes of giving birth.It is important for the new parents and baby to be alone together righteousness after the birth to establish an attachment bond. Elliot, (2003) assets that if there are too many individuals in the room right after birth, the natural process of attachment can be disrupted and this can render long-term effects on the relationship between the child and parents. Fathers, according Fraley, (2003) are expected in any case to establish a bond after the child is born. Researches reveal that fathers who have early contact with their child have a stronger bond with them in the months following the birth.Takahashi, (1999) commends that strong attachment bet ween father and child is shown through physical contact. Fathers have a much physical relationship with the child age the mothers relationship is much than verbal Takahashi, (1999). When the mother- sister fundamental actions are observed, the mother is seen as nurturing and affectionate towards the infant, whereas father-infant interactions deal more with affiliation and black market (Geiger, 1996). It has been shown that the fathers play interactions are more exciting and pleasurable to children than lay interactions with the mother (Geiger, 1996). Research reveals that parent-child bonds are near important in forming the childs personality (Allen, 1999). Insecure attachment doom the child to psychopathology in later life Bowlby, (1969) assets that pitying beings are born with an innate psychobiological system that motivates them to seek proximity to significant others in times of need. Bowlby, (1969) asserts that interactions with attachment figures promote a stable sens e of attachment security and build supportive mental representations of self and others.When a persons attachment figures is non reliably available and supportive, proximity seeking fails to relieve distress, felt security is undermined, negative sets of self and others are formed, and the likelihood of later emotional problems and maladjustment augments (Harris, 1998).. Problems in emotional regulation, like relationship disturbances, are pervasive markers of psychopathology and such problems underlie close to disorders of children and adults (Cole, 1994). Indeed, emotional disturbance often is used as a synonym for psychopathology.Emotional regulation is the defining attribute of all close relationships and the central goal of early primary relationships (Sroufe, 1997). Anxious attachments do not causation later disorders rather they initiate pathways for psychopathology. Psychopathology always is the result of the combination of lay on the line and protective concomitan tors impacting on the individuals life over time (Schofield, 1999). Individual disturbance, in this view, begins as relationships are hypothesized to be the forerunners of many major childishness disorders and adult personality disorders as well.Relationship disturbances often precede the manifestation of individual pathology (Klaus, 1995). Moreover, relationship switch has been shown to precede change and to influence the effect of other variables on psychopathology (Geiger, 1996) and this directly lead to a diseased outcome in a linear manner, yet it is certain that relationship experiences often are a crucial and waning of pathology. Research have established two basic dimensions of parenting as risk factors for psychopathology (1) harsh treatment (hostility, criticality, ejection) and (2) lack of clear, firm discipline or supervision (Weiss, 1982). These factors together, and in interaction with other variables, are often especially predictive and at times capable of different iating various pathological outcomes. Countless studies supported the view that child rejection, lack of support, and hostility are consistently link to picture (Klaus, 1995). Klaus, (1995) establish that parental rejection and power assertive discipline predicted delinquent behaviour.Field, (1996) reported that aggressive treatment of children and low parental warmth predicted childhood depression (Elliot, 2003). Child misuse according to (Lynch, 1995) confirms that parental hostility and asperity is cerebrated with conduct problems, disruptive behaviours disorders, attention problems, anxiety disorders (including PTSD and mood disorders. A study effectuate that erect that 9096 of children with an observed invoice of childhood maltreatment showed at least one diagnosable disorder at age 17% years, compared to 3096 of the poverty control subjects who were not maltreated.Divorce, parental disharmony, and family violence all have been consistently associated with child behavi oural and emotional problems (Brendgen, 2001). Such conditions are overlapping and numerous studies have shown children of divorce to have more problems than those in intact families (Harris, 1998). It is the case that behaviour problems often precede the divorce (Fraley, 2003) and that parental conflict is consistently found to be a stronger predictor of child maladjustment than marital status.Family violence has excessively been found to be associated with child pathology and numerous studies have documented a relation between a history of chum rejection and later maladjustment, both externalizing and internalizing problems (Pickover, 2002). Research has confirmed that infants with histories of secure attachment with their primary caregivers later are characterized by more effective self-regulation (Sroufe, 1997). Moreover, those with different kinds of anxious attachment histories behave in distinctive ways are unable to sustain interactions with peers, are disconnected from ot her children and/or how antipathy for them (Trowell, 1982). Those with anxious attachment histories have problems of one kind or another. Anxiety disorders are associated with histories of anxious attachment (Seiffge-Krenke, 1993) Aggression, and conduct disturbances have been found to be related to anxious/avoidant attachment Both resistant and avoidant attachment appear to be related to depression various aspects of emotional and cognitive experience (Klaus, 1995).When dealing with parental loss, one logical connector with psychoanalytic theory is disruption of parent-child bonds or dysfunctional relationships would lead to future impairments in the individuals capacity to germinate relationships (Takahashi, 1999). Insecure attachment systems have been linked to psychiatrical disorders, to which a child is especially susceptible after the loss of an attachment figure (Fraley, 2003).Children with insecure attachment patterns develop the inability to form secure attachments and reply in a hostile, rejecting manner with their environment (Field, 1996). Severe attachment disorders cause the child to get close to an attachment figure, and then pull away before they can be rejected or they nurse themselves unworthy in the eyes of the attachment figure (Field, 1996). Children with secure attachment patterns are capable of forming new attachment relationships while maintaining their current relationship with their parents (Weiss, 1982).Insecure children focus all of the attention on achieving a reveal relationship with their parents, therefore making it difficult to form new attachment relationships (Weiss, 1982). According to attachment theory, interactions with inconsistent, unreliable, or insensitive attachment figures interfere with the development of a secure, stable mental foundation reduce resilience in coping with stressful life events and predispose a person to break down psychologically in times of crisis (Geiger, 1996). shackle insecurity can theref ore be viewed as a general exposure to mental disorders, with the particular symptomatology depending on genetic, developmental, and environmental factors (Elliot, 2003). Brendgen, (2001) reviewed hundreds of cross-sectional, longitudinal, and prospective studies of both clinical and non-clinical samples and found that attachment insecurity was common among people with a wide variety of mental disorders, ranging from mild distress to severe personality disorders and even schizophrenia.Consistently results reveal that attachment insecurities of both the anxious and avoidant varieties are associated with depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Brendgen, 2001). adjunct insecurity is also a key feature of many personality disorders however the specific kind of attachment insecurity differs across disorders (Trowell, 1982). Anxious attachment is associated with dependent, histrionic, and borderline disorders, wher eas avoidant attachment is associated with schizoid and avoidant disorders (Trowell, 1982).Seiffge-Krenke, (1993) found that attachment anxiety is associated with emotional dysregulation a component of personality disorders, which includes identity confusion, anxiety, emotional liability, cognitive distortions, submissiveness, oppositionality, self-harm, narcissism, and suspiciousness. Seiffge-Krenke, (1993) also found that avoidant attachment is associated with inhibitedness component of personality problems, including restricted expression of emotions, problems with intimacy, and social avoidance.Another related issue concerning the associations between attachment insecurities and psychopathology is the extent to which attachment insecurities are a sufficient cause of mental disorders, such separation anxiety and pathological grief, in which attachment injuries are the main causes and themes, attachment insecurities are flimsy to be sufficient causes of mental disorders. Other fa ctors e. g. genetically determined temperament intelligence life history and abuse converge to amplify the effects of attachment experiences on the way to psychopathology (Field, 1996).Many studies of large-scale fraternity samples have found no association between avoidant attachment and self-report measures of global distress, however, studies that focus on super stressful events, such as exposure to missile attacks, living in a dangerous neighborhood, or giving birth to a handicapped infant, have indicated that avoidance is related to greater distress and poorer long-term adjustment (Allen, 1999). It has been noted that the association between attachment insecurity and depression is higher among adults with a childhood history of physical, psychological, or sexual abuse.People exposed to stressful life events poverty, physical health problems, and involvement in turbulent romantic relationships during adolescence also strengthen the link between attachment insecurity and psych opathology (Harris, 1998). Attachment insecurities seem to contribute nonspecifically too many kinds of psychopathology (Trowell, 1982) however particular forms of attachment insecurity seem to predispose a person to particular configurations of mental disorders.The attachment-psychopathology link is moderated by a large array of biological, psychological, and socio-cultural factors, and mental disorders and may erode a persons sense of attachment security. If attachment insecurities are risk factors for psychopathology, then the creation, maintenance, or restoration of a sense of attachment security should increase resilience and improve mental health. According to attachment theory, interactions with available and supportive attachment figures impart a sense of safety, trigger positive emotions and provide psychological resources for dealing with problems and adversities (Trowell, 1982).Takahashi, (1999) believed that parents should not be totally held amenable for the way their child develops. They should be held responsible to a point, because after all, they did give them their genes and they do have some influence. Children rely more on their social group in the shaping of their personality and development of psychopathology Also, Field (1996) argue that the mother is not always the primary attachment figure, so it cannot be fictitious that she always will be.The causal links between attachment and psychopathology are also complicate and research findings show that psychological problems can increase attachment insecurity (Pickover, 2002). There is also prelude evidence that a sense of security provided by a psychotherapist improves a clients mental health. Pickover, (2002) found that a clients positive appraisals of his or her therapists sensitivity and supportiveness predicted relief from depression and maintenance of therapeutic bene mates.According to attachment theory and research, lack of parental sensitivity and responsiveness contributes to d isorders of the self, characterized by lack of self-cohesion, doubts about ones internal coherence and continuity over time, cranky self-esteem, and over-dependence on other peoples approval (Allen, 1999). Insecure people are likely to be overly self-critical, plagued by self-doubts, or prone to using defenses, such as destructive perfectionism, to counter feelings of clumsiness and hopelessness (Allen, 1999). According to attachment heory, recurrent failures to obtain support from attachment figure interfere with learning of social skills and create serious problems in interpersonal relations (Field, 1996). Fraley, (2003) using an assessment device account of Interpersonal Problems found that attachment anxiety was associated with more interpersonal problems in general and avoidant people by and large had problems with nurturance and anxious people had problems with emotionality. According to Harris (1998) parents do not shape their childs personality or character.A childs pee rs have more influence on them than their parents e. g take children whose parents were immigrants, a child can continue to speak their parents aborigine language at home, but can also learn their new language and speak it without an accent, while the parents accent remains. Children learn these things from their peers because they want to fit in (Harris, 1998). If a child is brought up in a crime-ridden area, they will be predisposed to committing these same kinds of crimes (Klaus, 1995) because of the high rate of peer mechanical press and because they want to fit in to the group.Even if the parents try to bring up their children the best way possible, chances are that if they associate with delinquents, they will become ones, but if you take a child headed down the wrong path and range him to new environment, chances are he will get himself on the right track, because he is trying to fit in with a new peer group (Harris, 1998). Children will not use everything that they learne d from their parents. In some social settings, these lessons may not be correct or embarrassing to use.Children learn how to behave, for the most part, from other people in their social group. Adults do the same they act more like people in their social groups rather than their parents. Children from the same parents reared in the same home are no more alike than if they were raised in separate homes. Even if parents try to raise two children the same way, they will still behave differently from each other (Harris, 1998). The model attachment is based on carriages that befall during momentary separations (stressful situations) rather than during no stressful situations (Elliot, 2003).A broader understanding of attachment requires observation of how the mother and infant interact and what they provide for each other during natural, no stressful situations (Field, 1996). How children and mothers interact together and not stressed shows more of how the attachment model works than how the child acts when the mother leaves and then returns. Behaviours directed towards the attachment figure during departing and reunion times cannot be the only factor used when defining attachment (Elliot, 2003).Another problem with the attachment model is that the list of attachment behaviours are constricted to those that occur with the primary attachment figure, other attachments are not necessarily characterized by those same behaviours (Field, 1996). Children have attachments to other people other than their mothers, but they do not show this attachment the same way (Geiger, 1996). The mother is viewed as the primary attachment figure, when in fact a father or sibling can have the same type of attachment with the infant at the same time.This relates to adults having more than one principal attachment, such as to their spouse and child (Trowell, 1982). Attachment insecurities are associated with a wide variety of mental disorders, ranging from mild negative affectivity to seve re, disorganizing, and paralyzing personality disorders. Evidence suggests that insecure attachment orientations are fairly general pathogenic states. Although many of the research findings supporting these ideas are co-relational, several(prenominal) studies show a prospective connection between attachments References Allen, J. (1999). Attachment in adolescence. In J. Cassidy & P.Shaver (Eds. ), Handbook of attachment (pp. 319-335). newly York Guilford. Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss Attachment (Vol. 1). New York Basic. Brendgen, M. (2001). The quality of adolescents friendships Associations with mothers interpersonal relationships, attachments to parents and friends, and prosocial behaviors. diary of Adolescence, 24, 429-445. Elliot, A. J. (2003). Attachment and geographic expedition in adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 317-331. Field, T. (1996). Attachment and separation in young children. Annual brushup of Psychology, 47, 541-562. Fraley, R . C. (2003).Are infant attachment patterns continuously or categorically distributed? A taxometric analysis of strange situation behavior. developmental Psychology, 39, 387-404. Geiger, B. (1996) Fathers as primary caregivers. Westport, CT Greenwood. Harris, J. R. (1998). The nurture assumption Why children turn out the way they do. New York Free Press. Klaus, P. H. (1995). Bonding. Boston Addison-Wesley. Pickover, S. (2002). Breaking the cycle A clinical example of disrupting an insecure attachment system. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 24, 358-367. Seiffge-Krenke, I. (1993). Close friendship and imaginary companions in adolescence.Close friendships in adolescence (pp. 73-87). San Francisco Jossey-Bass. Schofield, G. (1999). Attachment theory, child maltreatment and family support. Mahwah, NJ Erlbaum. Takahashi, K. (1999). Parental loss in childhood and social support in adulthood among psychiatric patients. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 33, 165-169. Trowell, J. (1982). Ef fects of obstetric management on the mother-child relationship. The place of attachment in human behavior (pp. 79-94). New York Basic. Weiss, R. S. (1982). Attachment in adult life. The place of attachment in human behavior (pp. 171-184). New York Basic.

African American and Black Women Essay

The article Hip-Hop Betrayal of disconsolate Women was written by Jennifer McLune and appeared in Z magazine Online in the July 2006 issue. McLune argues that sexism in strikes coating is a heavy(p) part and has helped earn the industry what it is straight off. This article can be divided into 5 different sections. In the first section, she talks about Kevin Powell and how he writes how men talk about women in hip-hop. McLune goes on to speculate that even wealthy white boys talked about African American women in their songs, yet its okay with night club.The stake section she gives examples of entertainers that talk down on women and some that do not. Common, The Roots, and Talib Kweli are the workman are the artist she names that dont talk bad about women, that they dont discontinue other artist from doing so. Also they back up the artist that does degrade women so in truth they arent doing enough. Even black female artist are right along with the men talk about other females (McLune, 297). In the get alonging section, McLune talks about the protest that women shit d one and only(a) with piddling help to the situation.The misogyny is an attack on a womans character and it makes the black confederation looks bad as a whole (McLune, 298). The fourth section is about the acceptance of the hip-hop culture towards black women. Everyone makes exc gives and tries to justify whats going on in hip-hop, but few have material answers to help. At a point black women writers were called traitors for writing articles and complaining about what was going on (McLune, 299). The agent concludes that hip-hop thrives around the fact they bash black women and if they didnt do this then black women would be more respected in todays society.After careful examination of McLunes use of rhetorical appeals, evidence of pathos, logos, and ethos were used throughout the article. McLune wrote about the discrimination of black women throughout hip-hop. The dominate rheto rical appeal used by McLune is pathos, which is an emotional appeal that involves using language that will stair the sprightlinessings of the consultation (Hooper, etal 86). She complains about being a black woman and hearing the excuses for men when they talk about women in hip-hop and how it is just okay with society.McLune is also irate about the fact that Eve, who is a female bosom raps about women in a bad way and doesnt seem to think that, that is not right. another(prenominal) fictional character of appeal McLune uses is logos which demonstrates an effective use of reason and judicious use of evidence (Hooper, etal 86). clog up in the 60s it was wrong and considered unfair to demonize colored men, but yet the men in todays society are disdaining colored women. The author explains how record labels exploit this and benefit off of the disrespect artist show black women.The least used appeal by McLune is ethos which establishes the speakers or writers credibility (Hooper, etal 86). Hip-hop owes its success to woman hating. Few artist dare to be different and not speak badly about women and the ones that do, they dont make it clear that they feel its disrespectful for rappers to demoralize women which is not nifty in itself. McLune uses evidence to support her claim, one quality of evidence she uses is examples she solves up Jay-Z rap lyrics and how he talks about women in his songs, I pimp sternly on a trick, look Fuck if your leg broke bitch, hop up on your good leg. Also talks about good rappers such as Talib Kweli and how he has been praised for his song inglorious daughter Pain, but at the same time McLune feels he isnt fully aware of the unhinge a black girl goes through. Another type is when McLune uses expert opinions such as Kevin Powell, she quotes him in Notes of a Hip Hop Head he writes that youd think men didnt like women as much as they talked about them and how they refer to them as baby mommas, chickenheads, or b*****s (McLune, 297).McLune believes that hip-hop has benefitted from the woman bashing and Powell believes that it has spawned on its own terms of making something out of nothing. A third type is comparisons mingled with other women writers that have spoke about this topic whose articles have been pushed away and they have been called traitors for refusing to be tacit about the disrespect the rap community has given black women. Finally, several types of rhetorical fallacies are spare in this article.One type is ad hominem which refers to a personal attack on an opponent that draws upkeep away from the issues under consideration (Hooper, etal 93). McLune talks about Jay-Z and his rap lyrics how they are degrading women and explains that he is one of the worst ones in the industry. Another type of fallacy is bandwagon which is an argument maxim, in effect, everyones doing or saying or thinking this, so you should, too (Hooper, etal 93). For example, she says that same rappers dont talk about w omen in their raps, but they dont say anything to the rappers that do.In reality they know if they were to say something to those rappers that they probably would have a hard time getting somewhere in the rap industry. A final type of rhetorical fallacy is red herring that means dodging the real issue by plan attention to an irrelevant one (Hooper, etal 95). Kevin Powell blames the negatives in hip-hop on everything but the hip-hop culture itself, he thinks it is another reason for that. McLune also talks about rap lyrics that are bad, but doesnt bring up the good rap lyrics about women.As a result of mans high treason of black women in hip-hop the black women is not respected in todays society which has been talked about in several articles. Another author who addresses this issue is Johnnetta B. Cole in What Hip-Hop has through with(p) to Black Women Cole explains that it has been a growing war between Black men and women since the 60s and hip-hop is a significant and influentia l site of contemporary gender battles (Cole 90). Both authors state that hip-hop has generated a shell out of profit from the way that rap artist talk down on black women.We can follow McLunes proposal to boycott rap music and maybe just maybe they will enlighten what they are saying in their songs actually have an impact on the black community and that to make things better artist have to respect woman. Music is a big part in perfunctory life and it would be hard to get everybody on the same page as to boycott it, but something must happen because black women do need to be treated much better by black men. If society can manage to boycott rap music then artist would be forced to listen to the peoples concern and change their music for the better (McLune, 300).Works Cited Cole, Johnnetta B. What hip-hop has done to Black women. Ebony Mar. 2007 90. Print. Hooper, M. Clay, Teta Banks, D. Marzette, Beth Arnette Wade. Eds. Analytical Writing A Guide to College Composition I. Mason, OH Cengage Learning. 2011. Print. McLune, Jennifer. Hip-Hops Betrayal of Black Women. Analytical Writing A Guide to College Composition I. Ed. M. Clay Hooper, Teta Banks, D. Marzette, Beth Arnette Wade. Mason, OH Cengage Learning, 2011. 296-300. Print.

Admission to the Masters of Accounting Program

1. The Masters of Accounting design requires aggroupwork and leadership skills. Please give examples from your past that illustrate your abilities in both these areas and show how youve applied them.I aim faced a bout of knotty places in life. On one occasion, I was working with the adenosine deaminase or the American Diabetes Association. We worked as two groups and our principal task was to count and reconcile the checks, cash and credit rating card donations, which used to arrive in large quantities. One day an older man united our team. Then our troubles started. Till that time we had worked without any mutual misgivings or bickering. With the advent of this person, our time schedules and procedures went haywire.I studied the situation and realized that all this was due to his reluctance to follow the established procedure. Every one, in both the groups, was compelled to go home late, due to this persons obduracy. All felt that he should be suitably reprimanded, solely no one was willing to undertake this unpleasant task. The question that was foremost on every ones mind was who would bell the cat? I jumped into the fray and gently but firmly positive(p) him that what he was doing was unacceptable. He was happy with this way of communication, because I had talked to him in private, so that his pride was not hurt. This had the craved effect and we were able to complete the work in time.In addition, I was also the secretary of the African hea wherefore Society. I was instrumental in planning and implementing the IREP Africa program at the College of William & Mary. This task entailed coordination between and interaction with a number of fellow students, faculty and departments. I emerged very much stronger as a coordinator, facilitator and administrator after this new(a) experience. The professed objective of this program was to unite African student organizations in Virginia and to improve their relations with each other. I actively participated in several campaigns to raise funds for the underprivileged in Africa and one of them was in detect of poverty stricken women of Uganda.A successful and efficient accountant is one who is reliable, thorough, ingenious, a seeker of solutions, well make and performance oriented. Of these the most important is trustworthiness, because accountants, in addition to their usual work, carry to offer reliable advice regarding the acquit of business in the present day economic and legal context. Moreover, if accounting system standards are not adhered to, then the association stands the risk of having to close down. The Sarbanes Oxley Act was enacted in the year 2002, in order to deal with such eventualities.Another important trait of an accountant is attention to detail. I possess this in ample measure. This fact was let out in my tenure as the treasurer of the African Cultural Society, between the years 2006 to 2007 and as the valetudinarianism President of the Syndicate. In these tasks, I maintained authentic and comprehensive pecuniary records. I reviewed the internal financial controls and pictured that the organizations moneys were safe. This club has a number of advantages and I took up aggressive marketing to ensure that its membership increased.The lack of estimable and moral accounting practices in business organizations results in financial frauds. This was intelligibly established in the following pillowcases.In the year 2001, Enron announced a net loss of $ 618 million for its trinity quarter and that it would reduce the shareholders equity by $ 1.2 billion. The SEC immediately stepped in and demanded financial information from Enron. The Enron team of Auditors lead by their leader Anderson systematically destroyed a large number of financial documents. Subsequently, the Enron officials and its auditors were charged and convicted of fraud.This company had engaged in malpractices relating to financial accounting, with the result that the compa ny became bankrupt. To conceal its malafide practices, this company indulged in complicated accounting practices. This illustrates the fact that accounting has to be ethical, transparent and morally upright. The consequence of the Enron case was that the law relating to accountancy was made more stringent. However, more than even legislation personal attitude, morality and ethical behavior should have greater influence.WorldCom was another company, which also attempted to camouflage its fraudulent activities by resorting to fudging of figures and deceit of financial reports. The procedure adopted by its accountants was less sophisticated than that of the Enron team nevertheless, it committed a much greater fraud than Enron. However, these cases were not isolated incidents and proved to be merely the tip of the iceberg. Several more such fraudulent corporations were investigated by the Federal and state regulators. The principal among these are Adelphia, HealthSouth and Tyco, to na me a few.I have a flair for leadership and I often volunteer to lead in various schoolman projects. Recently, I took over the reins of project, involving the formulation of a business plan to be presented to the board of directors. This project emerged as a huge success, despite the difficulties encountered, due to having to lead a team of peers. The team comprised of persons with different temperaments and it call for a lot of innovativeness and ingenuity to extract the best from them.I have tremendous patience, as can be attested to by the students of the second grade, whom I teach as a volunteer teacher in the Waller Mill Elementary school, in Williamsburg. The foregoing incidents from my life reveal that I possess a exalted level of integrity, reliability, planning and implementing capacity, motivational skills, inspiration, ability to work in a team and patience.2. What are you hoping to contact during your studies in the MAcc Program?I will complete my Bachelors degree in accounting by the month of May, 2008. Subsequently, I intend to pursue the Masters of Accounting Program at the College of William and Marys enlighten of Business. This course is truly outstanding and the faculty is the third best in the nation. Classes are typically keen and informal. The emphasis is on acquiring expertise. The faculty is easily accessible, if one wants to clarify doubts. In conjunction with my respectable management and leadership skills, this knowledge in accountancy will render me highly suitable for obtaining the apprised Public Accountant license. My principal objective is to become a CPA.